Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Charlene Rhinehart is a CPA , CFE, chair of ...

How to calculate a conditional running total using a PivotTable in Excel Your email has been sent An expression to return a simple running total in Excel is easy — a few references and you’re done. A ...

GPA doesn’t have a fixed scale and usually varies across universities. So, we will create a scale table in Excel to decide the parameters and then use it in an example. We will need three parameters ...

Daniel Jassy, CFA, is an Investopedia Academy instructor and the founder of SPYderCRusher Research. He contributes to Excel and Algorithmic Trading. David Kindness is a Certified Public Accountant ...

A straight ranking result is easy using one of Microsoft Excel’s ranking functions. Calculating a conditional rank is even easier if you let an Excel PivotTable do all the work. Image: ...

In your school life, you have learned about average and the method to calculate it. The formula to calculate the average is very simple. You just have to add all the values in the given data and ...

Calculating data fluctuations-- also called variance -- is a multi-step process that requires total accuracy. Excel 2010 provides two basic formulas for calculating fluctuations, depending on whether ...

Whether you're assigning random shifts, anonymizing a study, or shuffling a deck, randomizing rows in an Excel table manually ...

Using standard resistor values can greatly impact the accuracy and predictability of a circuit by eliminating rounding errors incurred at the end of the design. Selecting resistor values traditionally ...