The steps of a complex process can be displayed in sequence using a graphic referred to as a process flowchart. The graphic explains the way a process is or should be functioning, depending on the ...

In-silico design facilitates process optimization and evaluation of process control strategies. The pharmaceutical industry has recognized the value of implementing a systematic approach to drug ...

Process design kits consist of a set of files that typically contain descriptions of the basic building blocks of the process. They are expressed, algorithmically, as Pcells. These descriptions are ...

Flow Chemistry continues to gain momentum as a powerful alternative to batch processing, offering improved safety, easier ...

Advances in simulation and the development of digital twins. The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented demand for faster and more flexible biopharmaceutical ...

Manufacturing is a fast-paced industry where success is dependent on timing and quality. That’s why it is crucial to constantly monitor every stage of the production process. Defining and tracking key ...

Design for manufacturing (DFM) refers to actions taken during the physical design stage of IC development to ensure that the design can be accurately manufactured. At larger nodes, most of the defects ...