Non-ionizing radiation includes the spectrum of ultraviolet (UV), visible light, infrared (IR), microwave (MW), radio frequency (RF) and extremely low frequency (ELF). Lasers commonly operate in the ...

If you would like to learn more about the IAEA’s work, sign up for our weekly updates containing our most important news, multimedia and more. Radiation is energy that moves from one place to another ...

Figure 1: Radiation + anti-CTLA4 promotes regression of irradiated and unirradiated tumours and is inhibited by PD-L1 on tumour cells. Figure 2: Addition of PD-L1 blockade reinvigorates exhausted T ...

Non-medical imaging is the screening of humans for purposes other than medical diagnosis, medical treatment or biomedical research. These procedures are frequently used, but the public may not always ...