One transistor can become an oscillator with a surprising richness of behavior. However, even more interesting effects emerge if the structure of connections is fractal and shows some imperfections.

These reflected rectangles are example of congruent shapes. When transforming a shape, either through translation, reflection or rotation, a congruent shape is produced. Enlargements create shapes ...

Prove two triangles are congruent by showing they satisfy one of four criteria. Find missing lengths by using the scale factor. The relationship between similar shapes may be expressed as a ratio.