Turbulence is one of the great mysteries of modern science. It is also one of the most important, as most of the flows we’re interested in are turbulent. In some applications, such as industrial ...

WHEN a fluid flows through a circular pipe it is generally accepted that there is a lower critical Reynolds number of approximately 2,000 below which the flow is laminar even when strong disturbances ...

Flow meters are used to measure the rate of flow of liquids or gases, just like electric meters measure the amount of electricity consumed. However, unlike electric meters, which are either ...